Clustering

Overview

Bifrost Clustering provides enterprise-grade high availability through a peer-to-peer network architecture that ensures continuous service availability, intelligent traffic distribution, and automatic failover capabilities. The clustering system uses gossip protocols to maintain consistent state across all nodes while providing seamless scaling and fault tolerance.

Why Clustering is Required

Modern AI gateway deployments face several critical challenges that clustering addresses:

Challenge	Impact	Clustering Solution
Single Point of Failure	Complete service outage if gateway fails	Distributed architecture with automatic failover
Traffic Spikes	Performance degradation under high load	Dynamic load distribution across multiple nodes
Provider Rate Limits	Request throttling and service interruption	Distributed rate limit tracking and intelligent routing
Regional Latency	Poor user experience in distant regions	Geographic distribution with local processing
Maintenance Windows	Service downtime during updates	Rolling updates with zero-downtime deployment
Capacity Planning	Over/under-provisioning resources	Elastic scaling based on real-time demand

Key Benefits

Feature	Description
Peer-to-Peer Architecture	No single point of failure with equal node participation
Gossip-Based State Sync	Real-time synchronization of traffic patterns and limits
Automatic Failover	Seamless traffic redistribution when nodes fail
Request Migration	Ongoing requests continue on healthy nodes
Zero-Downtime Updates	Rolling deployments without service interruption
Intelligent Load Distribution	AI-driven traffic routing based on node capacity

Architecture

Peer-to-Peer Network Design

Bifrost clustering uses a peer-to-peer (P2P) network where all nodes are equal participants. This design eliminates single points of failure and provides superior fault tolerance compared to master-slave architectures. Clustering diagram

Minimum Node Requirements

Recommended: 3+ nodes minimum for optimal fault tolerance and consensus.

Cluster Size	Fault Tolerance	Use Case
3 nodes	1 node failure	Small production deployments
5 nodes	2 node failures	Medium production deployments
7+ nodes	3+ node failures	Large enterprise deployments

Gossip Protocol Implementation

State Synchronization

The gossip protocol ensures all nodes maintain consistent views of:

Traffic Patterns: Request volume, latency metrics, error rates per model-key-id
Rate Limit States: Current usage counters for each provider/model combination
Node Health: CPU, memory, network status of all peers
Configuration Changes: Provider updates, routing rules, policies
Model Performance: Real-time metrics for intelligent load balancing
Provider Weights: Dynamic weight adjustments based on performance

Convergence Guarantees

Eventually Consistent: All nodes converge to the same state within seconds
Partition Tolerance: Nodes continue operating during network splits
Conflict Resolution: Timestamp-based ordering for conflicting updates

Automatic Failover & Request Migration

Node Failure Detection

Bifrost uses multiple failure detection mechanisms:

Heartbeat Monitoring: Regular ping/pong between all nodes
Request Timeout Tracking: Failed API calls indicate node issues
Gossip Silence Detection: Missing gossip messages trigger health checks
Load Balancer Health Checks: External monitoring integration

Traffic Redistribution

When a node fails, traffic is automatically redistributed: Traffic distribution

Request Migration Strategies

Based on configuration, ongoing requests can be handled in multiple ways:

Strategy	Description	Use Case
Complete on Origin	Requests finish on the original node	Stateful operations
Migrate to Healthy Node	Transfer to available nodes	Stateless operations
Retry with Backoff	Restart request on healthy node	Idempotent operations
Circuit Breaker	Fail fast and return error	Time-sensitive operations

Configuration

Basic Cluster Setup

{
  "cluster": {
    "enabled": true,
    "node_id": "bifrost-node-1",
    "bind_address": "0.0.0.0:8080",
    "peers": [
      "bifrost-node-2:8080",
      "bifrost-node-3:8080"
    ],
    "gossip": {
      "port": 7946,
      "interval": "1s",
      "timeout": "5s"
    }
  }
}

Advanced Clustering Options

{
  "cluster": {
    "enabled": true,
    "node_id": "bifrost-node-1",
    "bind_address": "0.0.0.0:8080",
    "peers": [
      "bifrost-node-2:8080",
      "bifrost-node-3:8080"
    ],
    "gossip": {
      "port": 7946,
      "interval": "1s",
      "timeout": "5s",
      "max_packet_size": 1400,
      "compression": true
    },
    "failover": {
      "detection_threshold": 3,
      "recovery_timeout": "30s",
      "request_migration": "migrate_to_healthy"
    },
    "load_balancing": {
      "algorithm": "weighted_round_robin",
      "health_check_interval": "10s",
      "weight_adjustment": "auto"
    }
  }
}

Request Migration Configuration

{
  "cluster": {
    "failover": {
      "request_migration": "migrate_to_healthy",
      "migration_strategies": {
        "chat_completions": "migrate_to_healthy",
        "embeddings": "complete_on_origin",
        "streaming": "circuit_breaker"
      },
      "timeout_behavior": {
        "short_timeout": "retry_with_backoff",
        "long_timeout": "migrate_to_healthy"
      }
    }
  }
}

Deployment Patterns

Docker Compose Cluster

version: '3.8'
services:
  bifrost-node-1:
    image: bifrost:latest
    environment:
      - CLUSTER_ENABLED=true
      - NODE_ID=bifrost-node-1
      - PEERS=bifrost-node-2:8080,bifrost-node-3:8080
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
      - "7946:7946"
    
  bifrost-node-2:
    image: bifrost:latest
    environment:
      - CLUSTER_ENABLED=true
      - NODE_ID=bifrost-node-2
      - PEERS=bifrost-node-1:8080,bifrost-node-3:8080
    ports:
      - "8081:8080"
      - "7947:7946"
    
  bifrost-node-3:
    image: bifrost:latest
    environment:
      - CLUSTER_ENABLED=true
      - NODE_ID=bifrost-node-3
      - PEERS=bifrost-node-1:8080,bifrost-node-2:8080
    ports:
      - "8082:8080"
      - "7948:7946"

Kubernetes Deployment

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: bifrost-cluster
spec:
  serviceName: bifrost-cluster
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: bifrost
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: bifrost
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: bifrost
        image: bifrost:latest
        env:
        - name: CLUSTER_ENABLED
          value: "true"
        - name: NODE_ID
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: PEERS
          value: "bifrost-cluster-0.bifrost-cluster:8080,bifrost-cluster-1.bifrost-cluster:8080,bifrost-cluster-2.bifrost-cluster:8080"
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8080
          name: api
        - containerPort: 7946
          name: gossip

Monitoring & Observability

Cluster Health Metrics

Monitor these key metrics for cluster health:

{
  "cluster_metrics": {
    "nodes_total": 3,
    "nodes_healthy": 3,
    "nodes_failed": 0,
    "gossip_messages_per_second": 45,
    "state_convergence_time_ms": 250,
    "request_migration_rate": 0.001,
    "load_distribution": {
      "node-1": 0.33,
      "node-2": 0.34,
      "node-3": 0.33
    },
    "provider_performance": {
      "openai": {
        "total_traffic_percentage": 64.0,
        "model_keys": {
          "gpt-4-key-1": {
            "avg_latency_ms": 1200,
            "current_weight": 0.8,
            "error_rate": 0.01,
            "traffic_percentage": 45.2,
            "health_status": "healthy"
          },
          "gpt-4-key-2": {
            "avg_latency_ms": 1450,
            "current_weight": 0.6,
            "error_rate": 0.03,
            "traffic_percentage": 18.8,
            "health_status": "degraded"
          }
        }
      },
      "anthropic": {
        "total_traffic_percentage": 36.0,
        "model_keys": {
          "claude-3-key-1": {
            "avg_latency_ms": 980,
            "current_weight": 1.0,
            "error_rate": 0.005,
            "traffic_percentage": 28.5,
            "health_status": "healthy"
          },
          "claude-3-key-2": {
            "avg_latency_ms": 1100,
            "current_weight": 0.9,
            "error_rate": 0.008,
            "traffic_percentage": 7.5,
            "health_status": "healthy"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Alerting Rules

Set up alerts for critical cluster events: Cluster-Level Alerts:

Node failure detection
High request migration rates
Gossip convergence delays
Uneven load distribution
Network partition events

Model-Key-ID Performance Alerts:

High error rates per model-key-id (> 2.5%)
Latency spikes per model-key-id (> 150% of baseline)
Weight adjustments frequency (> 10 per minute)
Traffic imbalance across model keys (> 80% on single key)
Provider-level performance degradation

Example Alert Configuration:

alerts:
  - name: "High Error Rate - Model Key"
    condition: "error_rate > 0.025"
    scope: "model_key_id"
    action: "reduce_weight"
    
  - name: "Latency Spike - Model Key"
    condition: "avg_latency_ms > baseline * 1.5"
    scope: "model_key_id"
    action: "temporary_circuit_break"
    
  - name: "Traffic Imbalance - Provider"
    condition: "single_key_traffic_percentage > 0.8"
    scope: "provider"
    action: "rebalance_weights"

Best Practices

Deployment Guidelines

Use Odd Number of Nodes: Prevents split-brain scenarios
Geographic Distribution: Deploy across availability zones
Resource Sizing: Ensure nodes can handle redistributed load
Network Security: Secure gossip communication with encryption
Monitoring Setup: Implement comprehensive cluster monitoring

Performance Optimization

Gossip Tuning: Adjust interval based on cluster size and network latency
Load Balancer Configuration: Use health checks and proper timeouts
Request Routing: Optimize based on provider latency and capacity
State Compression: Enable gossip compression for large clusters
Connection Pooling: Maintain persistent connections between nodes

Troubleshooting

Common issues and solutions:

Issue	Symptoms	Solution
Split Brain	Inconsistent responses	Ensure odd number of nodes
Gossip Storms	High network usage	Tune gossip interval and packet size
Uneven Load	Some nodes overloaded	Check load balancing configuration
Migration Loops	Requests bouncing between nodes	Review migration strategies

Security Considerations

Network Security

Gossip Encryption: Enable TLS for gossip protocol communication
API Authentication: Secure inter-node API calls with mutual TLS
Network Segmentation: Isolate cluster traffic in private networks
Firewall Rules: Restrict gossip ports to cluster nodes only

Access Control

Node Authentication: Verify node identity before joining cluster
Configuration Signing: Cryptographically sign configuration updates
Audit Logging: Track all cluster membership and configuration changes
Secret Management: Secure storage and rotation of cluster secrets

This clustering architecture ensures Bifrost can handle enterprise-scale deployments with high availability, automatic failover, and intelligent traffic distribution while maintaining security and performance standards.

Quick Start

Integrations

Open Source Features

Enterprise Features

Overview

Why Clustering is Required

Key Benefits

Architecture

Peer-to-Peer Network Design

Minimum Node Requirements

Gossip Protocol Implementation

State Synchronization

Convergence Guarantees

Automatic Failover & Request Migration

Node Failure Detection

Traffic Redistribution

Request Migration Strategies

Configuration

Basic Cluster Setup

Advanced Clustering Options

Request Migration Configuration

Deployment Patterns

Docker Compose Cluster

Kubernetes Deployment

Monitoring & Observability

Cluster Health Metrics

Alerting Rules

Best Practices

Deployment Guidelines

Performance Optimization

Troubleshooting

Security Considerations

Network Security

Access Control

Quick Start

Integrations

Open Source Features

Enterprise Features

​Overview

​Why Clustering is Required

​Key Benefits

​Architecture

​Peer-to-Peer Network Design

​Minimum Node Requirements

​Gossip Protocol Implementation

​State Synchronization

​Convergence Guarantees

​Automatic Failover & Request Migration

​Node Failure Detection

​Traffic Redistribution

​Request Migration Strategies

​Configuration

​Basic Cluster Setup

​Advanced Clustering Options

​Request Migration Configuration

​Deployment Patterns

​Docker Compose Cluster

​Kubernetes Deployment

​Monitoring & Observability

​Cluster Health Metrics

​Alerting Rules

​Best Practices

​Deployment Guidelines

​Performance Optimization

​Troubleshooting

​Security Considerations

​Network Security

​Access Control

Overview

Why Clustering is Required

Key Benefits

Architecture

Peer-to-Peer Network Design

Minimum Node Requirements

Gossip Protocol Implementation

State Synchronization

Convergence Guarantees

Automatic Failover & Request Migration

Node Failure Detection

Traffic Redistribution

Request Migration Strategies

Configuration

Basic Cluster Setup

Advanced Clustering Options

Request Migration Configuration

Deployment Patterns

Docker Compose Cluster

Kubernetes Deployment

Monitoring & Observability

Cluster Health Metrics

Alerting Rules

Best Practices

Deployment Guidelines

Performance Optimization

Troubleshooting

Security Considerations

Network Security

Access Control